ZSM-5 zeolite nanocrystals having a rectangular morphology (French fries-like) and a size comprised between 50 and 100nm were prepared using cheap sugar cane bagasse as a sacrificial template Two sugar cane biomass types un-treated and acid hydrolyzed bagasse were used A relationship has been established between the chemical composition of the sacrificial vegetal and the morphology of grown zeolite crystals Aligned zeolite nanocrystals were allowed to grow on non hydrolyzed sugar cane substrate using a combination of supramolecular templating and conventional self-assembly of template cations and silica species The latter material allowed enhanced diffusional properties in comparison with purely microporous zeolite as well as ZSM-5 crystals grown on hydrolyzed bagasse Their catalytic behavior in n-hexane cracking reaction led to a higher selectivity toward light olefins The double novelty consists in the manufacture of hierarchical zeolite microspheres (diameter about 1 mu m) formed by the self-aggregation of rectangular subunits In addition a renewable vegetal source can be used as a supramolecular template in replacement of expensive polymers (C) 2010 Elsevier B V All rights reserved