Asphaltene deposition is one of the important problems of oil production that requires an accurate predictive modelling. We developed an asphaltene deposition model in a pipeline. The model is based on data, which are obtained by experiments performed in a Couette device, where the inner cylinder rotates, and deposition on the outer wall is studied. A detailed theoretical analysis of an applicability of a Couette device for imitation of the asphaltene deposition in a pipe flow is presented. The model developed is based on first principles and consists of the two major modules: (1) a sub-model describing the particle size distribution evolution in time in a Couette device, and along a pipe; (2) a sub-model for calculating the particle transport to the wall. A population balance model is employed for modelling the particle size evolution. A concept of the critical particle size is introduced; only particles that are smaller than the critical size can deposit. The model developed contains only three parameters that are determined experimentally using a Couette device. The model of asphaltene deposition in a Couette device allows accurate describing the deposit mass growth in time. Performance of the deposition model for a pipeline with the coefficients obtained by a laboratory Couette device is also illustrated.