Lignite, a low-rank coal, was investigated as a filter aid for the dewatering of digested sewage sludge at a pilot scale using a plate-and-frame filter press. When the lignite was used to condition the sludge at solids mass ratios of 0.5 to 1 and 1 to 1, the Net Sludge Yield (Y-N) was found to increase from 1.2 kg m(-2) h(-1) without lignite conditioning to 5.2 and 7.8 kg m(-2) h(-1), respectively. Higher doses of the lignite did not result in further increases in the sludge yield due to the low mass fraction of the sludge solids in the cake. The filterability of lignite-conditioned sludge as affected by the flocculant dose was evaluated using Specific Resistance to Filtration (SRF) as well as percentage sludge water removal and product solids content. Flocculation using ZETAG7501 at 19 kg/tonne reduced the SRF from 5.8 x 10(13) at 11 kg/tonne to 9.3 x 10(12). Using the high molecular weight polymer ZETAG8125 at 13 kg/tonne achieved similar sludge water removal compared with using ZETAG7501 at 19 kg/tonne and even lower specific resistance. The improvement in sludge dewaterability by lignite conditioning confirmed the results from laboratory scale studies. (C) 2010 Elsevier BM. All rights reserved.