Recent advancements in living cationic polymerization of vinyl ethers are reviewed, especially focusing on newly developed initiating systems using various Lewis acid catalysts In concert with the diversification of efficient metal halide catalysts, several types of initiators (cationogens) have been shown to mediate living polymerization, in which the nature of the central metals is responsible for the polymerization behavior Other types of initiating systems, e g, living cationic polymerization using metal oxides as solid catalysts and Lewis acid-free systems, are also summarized, as well as the applications of the polymerization for the synthesis of functional poly(vinyl ether)s