화학공학소재연구정보센터
Energy & Fuels, Vol.25, No.4, 1847-1858, 2011
Comparison of Biomass-Derived Turbine Fuels with the Composition-Explicit Distillation Curve Method
In recent years, civilian and Military users of aviation kerosene have been interested in expanding the scope of fuel feed stocks to include nonpetroleum sources. The most well-known examples of such alternative sources of fuel are the Fischer-Tropsch fluids made from coal and natural gas. In addition to these feed stocks, there is great interest in biomass derived sources for aviation fuels,. It is unlikely that a completely new, drop-in replacement fuel will be successful in the foreseeable future, but an intermediate goal is to extend or enhance present petroleum derived stocks. For this to be done on a rational basis, careful attention must be paid to fuel properties, one of the most important of which is the fluid volatility as expressed by the distillation curve. In this paper, we apply the composition explicit distillation curve method to examine three aviation fuels made from camelina (a genus within the flowering plant family Brassicaceae), from castor seed (Ricinus communis), and from plant isoprenoid feed stocks. We also use this method to compare the properties of these fluids with JP-8 and an earlier bio derived synthetic aviation kerosene made with reclaimed waste grease. We found that both the fuels derived from plant isoprenoids and from camelina vaporized at lower temperatures than did a typical JP-8 through the entire distillation curve. In contrast, the fuel derived from castor seed vaporized at higher temperatures than did the plant and camelina fuels, and also JP-8, through the entire curve. The distillation behavior of the plant isoprenoid fuel is most striking in that the distillation curve is rather more flat than the curve for a typical petroleum derived turbine fuel or for the alternatives we have examined. It is likely to be more suitable as a blending stock than a drop in replacement. More re march will be needed to ensure that there would be no combustor operability issues as a result of the flat curve.