A novel synthesis of spherical LiFePO4/C composite using Fe1.5P and mixed lithium salts via oxygen permeation

Guixin Wang; Rui Liu; Miao Chen; Hanchang Kang; Xiuli Li; Kangping Yan

Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, Vol.29, No.8, 1094-1101, August, 2012

DOI10.1007/s11814-011-0284-1 Export Citation

A novel synthesis of spherical LiFePO4/C composite using Fe1.5P and mixed lithium salts via oxygen permeation

Guixin Wang, Rui Liu, Miao Chen, Hanchang Kang, Xiuli Li, and Kangping Yan^†

College of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China

E-mail:

A novel route was designed to synthesize LiFePO4/C composites by using the Fe1.5P byproduct, mixed lithium salts, and permeated oxygen from air via a rheological phase method. The reaction process was investigated with various techniques. When the calcining time was increased from 10 to 30 h, the gradual formation of olivine structure was observed. The growth kinetics of the crystals was analyzed. SEM and TEM results indicated the as-synthesized LiFePO4 was constituted of small spheres covered with carbon particles. The discharge capacity of the LiFePO4/C composite prepared at ~700 ℃ for ~25 h could reach 139.7 mAh g^(-1) and still remained 130.2 mAh g^(-1) after 15 cycles at 0.2 C rate, comparable to that of the reported LiFePO4/C composite using conventional methods. Cyclic voltammogram confirmed the LiFePO4/C composite had a high purity and good lithium ion insertion/desertion redox behavior.

Keywords:LiFePO4/C Composite;Fe1.5P Byproduct;Rheological Phase Method;Thermal Analysis;Electrochemical Performance

[References]

Padhi AK, Nanjundaswamy KS, Goodenough JB, J. Electrochem. Soc., 144(4), 1188 (1997)
Herle PS, Ellis B, Coombs N, Nazar LF, Nature Mater., 3, 147 (2004)
Wang Y, Chen Y, Cheng S, He L, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 28(3), 964 (2011)
Li JL, Suzukib T, Naga K, Ohzawa Y, Nakajima T, Mater.Sci. Eng. B., 142, 86 (2007)
Xu YB, Lu YJ, Yan L, Yang ZY, Yang RD, J. Power Sources, 160(1), 570 (2006)
Chen ZY, Zhu HL, Ji S, Fakir R, Linkov V, Solid State Ion., 179(27-32), 1810 (2008)
Kim CW, Park JS, Lee KS, J. Power Sources, 163(1), 144 (2006)
Wang GX, Yan KP, China Patent, 200,810,045,243.1 (2008)
Liu R, Wang GX, Yan KP, Li XL, Chin. J. Syn. Chem., 18, 639 (2010)
Wang GX, Xu JJ, Wen M, Cai R, Ran R, Shao ZP, Solid State Ion., 179(21-26), 946 (2008)
Chen JJ, Vacchio MJ, Wang SJ, Chernova N, Zavalij PY, Whittingham MS, Solid State Ion., 178(31-32), 1676 (2008)
Kim GH, Myung ST, Kim HS, Sun YK, Electrochim. Acta, 51(12), 2447 (2006)
Jokanovic V, Spasic AM, Uskokovic D, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 278(2), 342 (2004)
Wang GX, Zhang BL, Yu ZL, Qu MZ, Solid State Ion., 176, 1169 (2005)
Liang YG, Yang SJ, Yi ZH, Lei XF, Sun JT, Zhou YH, Mater. Sci. Eng. B., 121, 152 (2005)
Zhou WJ, Bao SJ, He BL, Liang YY, Li HL, Electrochim. Acta, 51(22), 4701 (2006)
Jiang J, Li LC, Xu F, Xie YL, Mater. Sci. Eng. B., 137, 166 (2007)
Liu H, Feng Y, Wang K, Xie JY, J. Phys. Chem. Solids., 69, 2037 (2008)
Liao CH, Bull. Chin. Ceram. Soc., 3, 56 (2004)
Heuer AH, J. Eur. Ceram. Soc., 28, 1495 (2008)
Ganesh I, Reddy GJ, Sundararajan G, Olhero SM, Torres PMC, Ferreira JMF, Ceram. Int., 36, 473 (2010)
Zhao M, Wang GX, Li XL, Wang F, Liu R, Yan KP, Met.Mater. Int., 16, 993 (2010)
Wang GX, Yan KP, Yu ZL, Qu MZ, J. Appl. Electrochem., 40(4), 821 (2010)
Dean JA, Lange's Chemistry Handbook (15th Ed.), McGraw-Hill, New York (1999)
Myung ST, Komaba S, Hirosaki N, Yashiro H, Kumagai N, Electrochim. Acta, 49(24), 4213 (2004)
Choi D, Wang D, Viswanathan VV, Bae IT, Wang W, Nie Z, Zhang JG, Graff GL, Liu J, Yang Z, Duong T, Electrochem.Commun., 12, 378 (2010)

[Referenced By]

[1] Padhi AK, Nanjundaswamy KS, Goodenough JB, J. Electrochem. Soc., 144(4), 1188 (1997)

[2] Herle PS, Ellis B, Coombs N, Nazar LF, Nature Mater., 3, 147 (2004)

[3] Wang Y, Chen Y, Cheng S, He L, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 28(3), 964 (2011)

[4] Li JL, Suzukib T, Naga K, Ohzawa Y, Nakajima T, Mater.Sci. Eng. B., 142, 86 (2007)

[5] Xu YB, Lu YJ, Yan L, Yang ZY, Yang RD, J. Power Sources, 160(1), 570 (2006)

[6] Chen ZY, Zhu HL, Ji S, Fakir R, Linkov V, Solid State Ion., 179(27-32), 1810 (2008)

[7] Kim CW, Park JS, Lee KS, J. Power Sources, 163(1), 144 (2006)

[8] Wang GX, Yan KP, China Patent, 200,810,045,243.1 (2008)

[9] Liu R, Wang GX, Yan KP, Li XL, Chin. J. Syn. Chem., 18, 639 (2010)

[10] Wang GX, Xu JJ, Wen M, Cai R, Ran R, Shao ZP, Solid State Ion., 179(21-26), 946 (2008)

[11] Chen JJ, Vacchio MJ, Wang SJ, Chernova N, Zavalij PY, Whittingham MS, Solid State Ion., 178(31-32), 1676 (2008)

[12] Kim GH, Myung ST, Kim HS, Sun YK, Electrochim. Acta, 51(12), 2447 (2006)

[13] Jokanovic V, Spasic AM, Uskokovic D, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 278(2), 342 (2004)

[14] Wang GX, Zhang BL, Yu ZL, Qu MZ, Solid State Ion., 176, 1169 (2005)

[15] Liang YG, Yang SJ, Yi ZH, Lei XF, Sun JT, Zhou YH, Mater. Sci. Eng. B., 121, 152 (2005)

[16] Zhou WJ, Bao SJ, He BL, Liang YY, Li HL, Electrochim. Acta, 51(22), 4701 (2006)

[17] Jiang J, Li LC, Xu F, Xie YL, Mater. Sci. Eng. B., 137, 166 (2007)

[18] Liu H, Feng Y, Wang K, Xie JY, J. Phys. Chem. Solids., 69, 2037 (2008)

[19] Liao CH, Bull. Chin. Ceram. Soc., 3, 56 (2004)

[20] Heuer AH, J. Eur. Ceram. Soc., 28, 1495 (2008)

[21] Ganesh I, Reddy GJ, Sundararajan G, Olhero SM, Torres PMC, Ferreira JMF, Ceram. Int., 36, 473 (2010)

[22] Zhao M, Wang GX, Li XL, Wang F, Liu R, Yan KP, Met.Mater. Int., 16, 993 (2010)

[23] Wang GX, Yan KP, Yu ZL, Qu MZ, J. Appl. Electrochem., 40(4), 821 (2010)

[24] Dean JA, Lange's Chemistry Handbook (15th Ed.), McGraw-Hill, New York (1999)

[25] Myung ST, Komaba S, Hirosaki N, Yashiro H, Kumagai N, Electrochim. Acta, 49(24), 4213 (2004)

[26] Choi D, Wang D, Viswanathan VV, Bae IT, Wang W, Nie Z, Zhang JG, Graff GL, Liu J, Yang Z, Duong T, Electrochem.Commun., 12, 378 (2010)