Reduction of thermal radiation by steam in flare stack system

Heon Seok Lee; Byung Seok Ko; Jae Mo Yang; Chang Jun Lee; Jin Hwan Yoo; Dongil Shin; Chulhwan Park; Jae Wook Ko

Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, Vol.29, No.10, 1310-1320, October, 2012

DOI10.1007/s11814-012-0005-4 Export Citation

Reduction of thermal radiation by steam in flare stack system

Heon Seok Lee, Byung Seok Ko, Jae Mo Yang, Chang Jun Lee¹, Jin Hwan Yoo², Dongil Shin³, Chulhwan Park , and Jae Wook Ko^†

Department of Chemical Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 139-701, Korea
¹Melting Technology Team, Samsung Corning Precision Materials, Asan 336-725, Korea
²Plant Engineering HSE Team, SK E&C, Seoul 110-300, Korea
³Department of Chemical Engineering, Myongji University, Yongin 449-728, Korea

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A flare system is installed for the enhancement of process safety, and the stable combustion is one of the most important elements. The main function of the flare system is the combustion of the flammable or toxic materials into non-hazardous materials, but combustion heat is released from a flare system. In this study, the effect of the external and internal steam injections in the flare stack on the reduction of the thermal radiation was investigated. The ignition possibility by the change of steam amount and the effect of the steam on the thermal radiation were also analyzed by using consequence analysis software. In case of thermal emission of oil refinery plants through improved steam injection, the injection of 120% steam rather than the conventional method enabled the reduction of the flare stack height. It could reduce the height of flare stack by 20%.

Keywords:Flare Stack;Thermal Radiation;API 521;Steam;Jet Fire

[References]

Kalantarnia M, Khan F, Hawboldt K, Process Saf. Environ. Protect., 88(3), 191 (2010)
Mourad D, Ghazi O, Noureddine B, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 26(6), 1706 (2009)
Lee HS, Kim BS, Jung SY, Yoo JH, Park C, Ko JW, KIGAS., 13, 49 (2009)
Chamberlain GA, AAPG Bull., Transactions of the Institution of Chemical Engineers, 65, 299 (1987)
Benard P, Mustafa V, Hay DR, Int. J. Hydrog. Energy, 24(5), 489 (1999)
Zadakbar O, Vatani A, Karimpour K, Oil & Gas Sci. Technol., 63(6), 705 (2008)
Saudi Arabian Oil Company, United States, US-0069348 (2008)
Banerjee K, Flare gas systems pocket handbook, Gulf Publishing Company (1985)
EPA/625/6-91/014, US EPA.
KOSHA code, D-32-2003 (2003)
API 521 (2000)
Cook J, J. Loss Prevent. Proc. Ind., 3, 150 (1990)
Brzustowski TA, Proceedings of the 38th Meeting of the American Petroleum Institute, 38 (1973)
Center for Chemical Process Safety, Guidelines for chemical process quantitative risk analysis, Wiley-Interscience (1999)
Nolan, Dennis P, Handbook of fire and explosion protection engineering principles: For oil, gas, chemical, and related facilities, William Andrew Publishing (2010)
Daniel A. Crowl, Chemical process safety (Second Ed.), Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ (2002)

[Related Articles]

[1] Kalantarnia M, Khan F, Hawboldt K, Process Saf. Environ. Protect., 88(3), 191 (2010)

[2] Mourad D, Ghazi O, Noureddine B, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 26(6), 1706 (2009)

[3] Lee HS, Kim BS, Jung SY, Yoo JH, Park C, Ko JW, KIGAS., 13, 49 (2009)

[4] Chamberlain GA, AAPG Bull., Transactions of the Institution of Chemical Engineers, 65, 299 (1987)

[5] Benard P, Mustafa V, Hay DR, Int. J. Hydrog. Energy, 24(5), 489 (1999)

[6] Zadakbar O, Vatani A, Karimpour K, Oil & Gas Sci. Technol., 63(6), 705 (2008)

[7] Saudi Arabian Oil Company, United States, US-0069348 (2008)

[8] Banerjee K, Flare gas systems pocket handbook, Gulf Publishing Company (1985)

[9] EPA/625/6-91/014, US EPA.

[10] KOSHA code, D-32-2003 (2003)

[11] API 521 (2000)

[12] Cook J, J. Loss Prevent. Proc. Ind., 3, 150 (1990)

[13] Brzustowski TA, Proceedings of the 38th Meeting of the American Petroleum Institute, 38 (1973)

[14] Center for Chemical Process Safety, Guidelines for chemical process quantitative risk analysis, Wiley-Interscience (1999)

[15] Nolan, Dennis P, Handbook of fire and explosion protection engineering principles: For oil, gas, chemical, and related facilities, William Andrew Publishing (2010)

[16] Daniel A. Crowl, Chemical process safety (Second Ed.), Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ (2002)