To optimize the ratio of vacuum residua/coal tar (VR/CT) in VR solvent deasphalting processing and catalytic cracking processing, their compatibility and properties are investigated in the present work. The investigation reveals two competitive processes of dissolution and adsorption during the blend process. At low CT blending ratio, the molecule interactions in the VR colloidal system are unchanged. The dissolution is nearly balanced with flocculation, and VR is almost compatible with CT. At high CT blending ratio, the flocculation predominates over dissolution and VR is incompatible with CT. Solvent deasphalting experiments revealed that the supercritical fluid extraction and fractionation process of VR has been improved by blending with CT. Fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) results of this deasphalted oil (DAO) indicated that more light oil can be produced with no obvious increase in the diesel/gasoline ratio. The VR can be upgraded by blending with an appropriate amount of CT (<20%) in the solvent deasphalting-fluid catalytic cracking processes.