A Flurbiprofen (FP) cationic liposomes in situ gelling system (CLIGS) of thermosensitive polymers was proposed; we investigated its in vitro and in vivo properties, and its potential use in ocular drug delivery was evaluated. This system, optimized via center composite design, was conceived from a combination of polymer- and lipid-based delivery systems. Therefore, the system could integrate the advantages of both cationic liposomes and in situ gels and further improve the poor stability of cationic liposomes. Cationic liposomes were characterized for their particle size, shape, entrapment efficiency, zeta potential, and photograph of transmission electron microscopy. The in vitro penetration capability and precorneal retention time of the FP CLIGS were evaluated by a vertical Franz-type cell method and gamma scintigaraphy, respectively. The FP CLIGS showed an improved stability during a 30-day storage period over than of FP cationic liposomes. In conclusion, CLIGS serves as a means to overcome a major limitation of cationic liposomes with a prolonged precorneal retention time, enhanced stability, and convenient administration due to the modified gelatinization temperature; this justifies their use as a carrier adjuvant for ocular delivery behaviors. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 123: 3363-3374, 2012