International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol.37, No.10, 1495-1508, 1994
An Improved Low-Reynolds-Number Kappa-Epsilon Turbulence Model for Recirculating-Flows
A revised form of the low-Reynolds-number kappa-epsilon turbulence model is presented that aptly describes recirculating (separated and reattached) flows. The revised model is well suited for low to moderate Reynolds numbers. It is applied to two-dimensional channel flows, flow over a backward facing step, and flow over a forward facing step to calculate flow fields and surface heat or mass transfer rates. Results from the present model are in better agreement with experimental data than other low-Reynolds-number models. Asymmetric flow through an array of rectangular cylinders, as well as in a two-dimensional symmetric sudden expansion duct, is found numerically and supported by experimental results.