New polyesters incorporating a variable quantity of imidazolium rings along the backbone are synthesized by Huisgen 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition (click reaction). Subsequently, the imidazolium-grafted copolymers reveal an efficient dispersing ability toward the carbon nanotubes (CNTs) through supramolecular interactions in organic media. Interestingly, these compounds offer a simple and reliable strategy to control the quantity of dispersed CNTs as a function of imidazolium content. This approach is particularly suitable for the elaboration of biosourced and biodegradable materials based on poly(butylene succinate) with high-performance properties.