A series of 26 bis(arylimino)pyridine iron(III) complexes containing either electron withdrawing or electron donating substituents in their ligand frameworks was synthesized and characterized. After activation with methylaluminoxane (MAO), these catalysts oligomerize or polymerize ethylene to give both linear and branched products. In contrast to iron(II) complexes, the presence of at least one ortho-substituent at the iminophenyl rings is not obligative for catalytic activities of the iron(III) complexes. A couple of such iron(III) complexes containing meta- and para-substituted bis(arylimino)pyridine compounds were accessible and their oligomerization behaviour revealed interesting differences to the well known iron(II) analogues since both internal and branched olefins were found in the product mixtures beside the expected linear alpha-olefins. The widths of the resulting molecular weight distributions and the degrees of isomerization of the resulting oligomers strongly depend on the substitution pattern at the ligand frameworks. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.