CH4 dehydrogenation on Rh(1 1 1), Rh(1 1 0) and Rh(1 0 0) surfaces has been investigated by using density functional theory (DFT) slab calculations. On the basis of energy analysis, the preferred adsorption sites of CHx (x = 0-4) and H species on Rh(1 1 1), Rh(1 1 0) and Rh(1 0 0) surfaces are located, respectively. Then, the stable co-adsorption configurations of CHx (x = 0-3) and H are obtained. Further, the kinetic results of CH4 dehydrogenation show that on Rh(1 1 1) and Rh(1 0 0) surfaces, CH is the most abundant species for CH4 dissociation; on Rh(1 1 0) surface, CH2 is the most abundant species, our results suggest that Rh catalyst can resist the carbon deposition in the CH4 dehydrogenation. Finally, results of thermodynamic and kinetic show that CH4 dehydrogenation on Rh(1 0 0) surface is the most preferable reaction pathway in comparison with that on Rh(1 1 1) and Rh(1 1 0) surfaces. (C) 2011 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved.