Milk fat/protein degrading microorganisms were isolated from different locations of a dairy wastewater treatment system with the goal of developing an inoculum for bioaugmentation strategies. Eight isolates, identified by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis as belonging to the genera Bacillus, Pseudomonas, and Acinetobacter, were tested for their ability to remove COD and protein from a milk-based medium (3000 mg/L COD) and compared to a commercial bioaugmentation inoculum. The Acinetobacter isolate exhibited a pellet-type growth in liquid culture, a property that could potentially aid in the separation of microbes and liquid phase following treatment. Based on the individual degradation capacity and growth behavior of the isolates, three microorganisms were further selected and tested together. This consortium exhibited a COD removal similar to the commercial inoculum (57% and 63%, respectively), but higher protein (consortium: 93%; commercial inoculum: 54%), and fat removals (consortium: 75%; commercial inoculum: 38%). (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.