Dodecylamine-intercalated vanadium oxides of various structures and vanadium valencies have been synthesized and studied by means of X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoemission spectroscopy measurements. The structural coherence, as derived from the Raman spectra, is shown to be dictated by the vanadium valency in the compounds, obtained from the X-ray photoemission spectroscopy measurements. The vanadium valency and structural coherence were also observed to be directly related with the oxygen defect, OH groups and ammonium concentrations, with the hydrogen bonding playing an important role. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.