The present work aims to design a smart thermal insulation system. The smart system allows the passing of heat transfer in one direction while preventing its passing in the other direction. This system consists of two gaps separated by a thin movable partition. The two gaps have the same area and width. The partition has radiation emissivity very close to zero to exclude radiation heat transfer. The partition is free to move to either side depending on the driving force causing the motion. The first gap is filled with a fluid that has both high thermal conductivity and high thermal expansion properties, while the second gap is filled with a fluid that has very low thermal conductivity and very high thermal expansion properties. Each gap is connected by a tiny tube to its own small storage tank. Temperature and pressure sensors are used to provide signals to the programmable microcontroller in order to select and activate the desired insulation or conduction mode of the system.