This editorial provides an overview of a special issue dedicated to the 7th International Conference on Heat Transfer, Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics, HEFAT2010, which took place July 19-21, 2010, in Antalya, Turkey. All papers for this conference were peer reviewed and almost 150 papers were accepted. Of these papers, eight were selected for this issue and were peer reviewed for a second time according to journal standards. The eight articles focus on recent developments of heat transfer and include the acidity and method of preparation of nanofluids on nucleate pool boiling, industrial boiler circulation, spray cooling of electronic components, freezing in a horizontal plate freezer with CO2 as refrigerant in a cascade refrigeration system, thermal simulation of a pulsing heat pipe, condensation of R22 retrofits, vertically downward-blowing single-jet air curtains in cold rooms, and a gravity-assisted heat pipe air-to-air cooler. This issue of Heat Transfer Engineering is the seventh special journal issue dedicated to selected papers from the HEFAT conferences.