| 초록 |
Driven by clinical demands, many grafts based on an extracellular matrix (ECM), including allografts, xenografts, and engineered grafts, have been developed as alternative approaches to organ transplantation and some have received regulatory approval for use in human patients. The most popular commercial grafts include AlloDerm (Lifecell), GraftJacket® (Wright Medical), Restore® (DePuy Orthopedics), TissueMend® (Stryker Orthopedics), CuffPatch® (Arthrotek), PermacolTM (Tissue Science Laboratories), OrthADAPT®(Pegasus Biologics), the Gore-Tex®patch (Gore and Associates), Lars® ligament (Dijon), and Poly-tape® (Yufu Itonaga). Moreover, the sources for ECM grafts have expanded into a greater variety of tissues including cartilage, bone, tendons, ligaments, blood vessels, heart, liver, lungs, kidneys, bladder, trachea, and nerves, as well as the skin and small intestinal submucosa (SIS). After removal of the antigenic epitopes associated with immune response by decellularization, these tissue matrices have proved effective in many clinical applications because of well-preserved original tissue’s three-dimensional (3-D) ultrastructure, biocompatibility, mechanical integrity, composition, and eventual biologic activity. We here briefly review extraction and decellularization techniques of ECMs from different tissues, biological characterization and fabrication of ECM-based tissue engineering scaffolds, and their use in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. |
