| 초록 |
Synchrotron radiation allows considerable flexibility for various powder-diffraction experiments, providing wavelength selection, wide range in d-spacing, high energy resolution, angular resolution, angular accuracy, and spatial or time resolution. Detailed and precise information on a crystal structure can be obtained from synchrotron powder diffraction data, thus it is widely used in the field of energy storage materials, particularly, rechargeable batteries. Electrode materials for rechargeable batteries based on cation-intercalation reactions (e.g. Li/Na/K/Mg/Al/Zn-ion batteries) generally accompany crystal structure changes during electrochemical cycling, and this phenomenon is considered to be an important feature for understanding the relationship between crystal structures and electrode performances. Synchrotron X-ray diffraction technique provides fast and high resolution data collection to trace structure information of crystalline materials with short time-scales. Here in situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction analysis has shown several phase transition models upon electrochemical cation extraction/insertion for each electrode material. Crystal structure, phase stability, and electrochemical properties of electrode materials are closely related, providing an efficient strategy to design high-performance electrode materials for rechargeable batteries. |
