A highly conductive and durable anion exchange membrane (AEM) is an essential component for alkaline electrochemical conversion and storage systems. Contrary to the conventional wisdom that the ionic conductivity can be improved by increasing the ion exchange capacity (IEC) through a cross-linking process, in this work, a new approach to improve the ionic conductivity by enhancing the ionic mobility is adopted. The microstructure of quaternary ammonia poly (2, 6-dimethyl-1, 4-phenylene oxide) (QAPPO) is manipulated through grafting with hydrophobic side chains, which will drive the well-established hydrophilic/hydrophobic domains and nano-phase separated, well-connected ionic channels. As a result, the local hydroxide concentration is enhanced by the novel microstructure, thereby improving the ionic conductivity of the as-prepared ionomers. The as-prepared ionomers, denoted as self-aggregated QAPPO-CF, with an intermediate IEC value achieved an ionic conductivity of 65 mS cm(-1) at 80 degrees C, outperforming the QAPPO with an even higher IEC value. This result suggests that the micro phase separation is an effective approach to enhance the ionic conductivity. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.