Currently graphite is used as an anode active material for lithium ion battery. However, since the maximum theoretical capacity of graphite is limited to 372 mA h g-1, a new anode active material is required for the development of next generation high capacity and high energy density lithium ion battery. The maximum theoretical capacity of Si is 4200 mA h g-1, which is about 10 times higher than the maximum theoretical capacity of graphite. However, since the volume expansion rate is almost 400%, the irreversible capacity increases as the cycle progresses and the discharge capacity relative to the charge is remarkably reduced. In order to solve these problems, it is possible to control the particle size of the Si anode active material to reduce the mechanical stress and the volume change of the reaction phase, thereby improving the cycle characteristics. Therefore, in order to minimize the decrease of the charge / discharge capacity according to the volume expansion rate of the Si particles, the improvement of the cycle characteristics was carried out by pulverizing Si by a dry method with excellent processing time and cost. In this paper, Si is controlled to nano size using vibrating mill and the physicochemical and electrochemical characteristics of the material are measured according to experimental variables.