Novel Li3VO4/MoS2 composite was prepared by a facile solvothermal process and used as potential high-performance anode materials for lithium-ion batteries. The synergetic effect between Li3VO4 and MoS2 as well as the existence of oxygen vacancies in composite were proved, providing high Li-ion storage, electronic and ionic conductivity and structure stability. The Li3VO4/MoS2 composite showed superior electrochemical performance with discharge capacity for 789.1 mA h g(-1) and charge capacity for 781.2 mA h g(-1) after 100 cycles at a specific current of 100 mA g(-1). Rate capacity of the Li3VO4/MoS2 composite confirmed that high recovery capacity was achieved. Under a current of 500 mA g(-1), Li3VO4/MoS2 composite compounds exhibited high capacity retention of 632 mA h g(-1) . Furthermore, mechanism for the synergetic effect in composite compounds as well as its superior electrochemical performance was investigated in detail.