Solar Energy

Solar Energy, Vol.188 Entire volume, number list

ISSN: 0038-092X (Print)

In this Issue (131 articles)

1 - 9	Designing of AlxGa1-xAs/CIGS tandem solar cell by analytical model Sharbati S, Gharibshahian I, Orouji AA
10 - 18	An investigation on titanium doping in reduced graphene oxide by RF magnetron sputtering for dye-sensitized solar cells Low FW, Lai CW, Asim N, Akhtaruzzaman M, AlghouL M, Tiong SK, Amin N
19 - 27	A continuous input and output current quadratic buck-boost converter with positive output voltage for photovoltaic applications Sarikhani A, Allahverdinejad B, Hamzeh M, Afjei E
28 - 34	The improvement of inverted perovskite solar cells by the introduction of CTAB into PEDOT:PSS Zhu Y, Wang S, Ma RX, Wang CY
35 - 44	Aqueous synthesis of CdTe-CdS core shell nanocrystals and effect of shell-formation process on the efficiency of quantum dot sensitized solar cells Marandi M, Mirahmadi FS
45 - 50	Efficiency improvement of Si solar cells by down-shifting Ce3+-doped and down-conversion Ce3+-Y-b3+ co-doped YAG phosphors Karunakaran SK, Lou CG, Arumugam GM, Cao HH, Pribat D
51 - 54	Performance improvement of III-V compound solar cells using nanomesh electrode and nanostructured antireflection structures Jian LY, Wu CN, Lee HY, Heo J, Lee CT
55 - 65	Triple bond rigidified anthracene-triphenylamine sensitizers for dye-sensitized solar cells Yoosuf M, Pradhan SC, Soman S, Gopidas KR
66 - 82	Experimental performance comparison and optical characteristics of aperture mechanisms for solar cavity receivers Ophoff C, Ozalp N, Moens D
83 - 95	Energy and exergy analysis of two novel hybrid solar photovoltaic geothermal energy systems incorporating a building integrated photovoltaic thermal system and an earth air heat exchanger system Afrand M, Shahsavar A, Sardari PT, Sopian K, Salehipour H
96 - 110	From Sweden to Portugal: The effect of very distinct climate zones on energy efficiency of a concentrating photovoltaic/thermal system (CPV/T) Alves P, Fernandes JFP, Torres JPN, Branco PJC, Fernandes C, Gomes J
111 - 142	Evaluation of solar thermal system configurations for thermoelectric generator applications: A critical review Karthick K, Suresh S, Hussain MMMD, Ali HM, Kumar CSS
143 - 157	Minimum entropy generation and its validation against Hottel Whillier model for PV/T and FPC collectors Chauhan A, Tyagi VV, Anand S
158 - 163	Ultraflexible and biodegradable perovskite solar cells utilizing ultrathin cellophane paper substrates and TiO2/Ag/TiO2 transparent electrodes Li HJ, Li XD, Wang WY, Huan JH, Li J, Huang SQ, Fan B, Fang JF, Song WJ
164 - 174	Economic analysis and design optimization of a direct expansion solar assisted heat pump Rabelo SN, Paulino TF, Machado L, Duarte WM
175 - 184	Evaluation of solar chimney power plant performance: The effect of artificial roughness of collector Fallah SH, Valipour MS
185 - 189	A two-parameter aiming strategy to reduce and flatten the flux map in solar power tower plants Collado FJ, Guallar J
190 - 199	Effectiveness of phase change materials for improving the resiliency of residential buildings to extreme thermal conditions Baniassadi A, Sailor DJ, Bryan HJ
200 - 208	Polygeneration of power, cooling and desalinated water by concentrated solar energy plants equipped with (c) GICE engine Alavi S, Chennaoui L, Cerri G
209 - 217	Effect of sulfurization time on the performance of monoclinic Cu2SnS3 solar cells Pallavolu MR, Kim CD, Reddy VRM, Gedi S, Park C
218 - 223	Enhancement of Sb2Se3 thin-film solar cell photoelectric properties by addition of interlayer CeO2 Wang X, Guo HF, Chen ZW, Ma CH, Fang X, Jia XG, Yuan NY, Ding JN
224 - 229	Quantitative phase analysis on Cs- and Rb-doped FAPbI(3) and corresponding solar cell efficiency simulations Zhang LL, Cui WR, Zang ZH, Tian FY, Li XD, Qin GG
230 - 238	Fabrication and characterization of polyurethane-grafted reduced graphene oxide as solid-solid phase change materials for solar energy conversion and storage Mu BY, Li M
239 - 246	Efficient planar perovskite solar cells with low-temperature atomic layer deposited TiO2 electron transport layer and interfacial modifier Chen DZ, Su AX, Li XY, Pang SZ, Zhu WD, Xi H, Chang JJ, Zhang JC, Zhang CF, Hao Y
247 - 257	Optimal configuration of photovoltaic power plant using grey wolf optimizer: A comparative analysis considering CdTe and c-Si PV modules Zidane TEK, Bin Adzman MR, Tajuddin MFN, Zali SM, Durusu A
258 - 264	Potential-induced degradation: Recombination behavior, temperature coefficients and mismatch losses in crystalline silicon photovoltaic power plant Wang H, Cheng XL, Yang H, He WS, Chen ZL, Xu LH, Song DY
265 - 270	One-step synthesis of flower-like Cu2O photoelectric materials by hydrothermal method Yuan BX, Liu XB, Fu HH, Liu JF, Zhu QZ, Wu ML
271 - 277	Solar PV soiling mitigation by electrodynamic dust shield in field conditions Guo B, Javed W, Khoo YS, Figgis B
278 - 290	Improved sensing behaviour of self-healable solar light photodetector based on core-shell type Ni0.2Zn0.8Fe2O4@ poly (Urea-Formaldehyde) Singh S, Bhaduri A, Tripathi RK, Thapa KB, Kumar R, Yadav BC
291 - 299	Design and development of nitrate-nitrite based molten salts for concentrating solar power applications Villada C, Jaramillo F, Castano JG, Echeverria F, Bolivar F
300 - 304	Large-area MACE Si nano-inverted-pyramids for PERC solar cell application Huang ZG, Gao K, Wang XG, Xu C, Song XM, Shi LX, Zhang Y, Hoex B, Shen WZ
305 - 311	Panchromatic sensitization of new terpyridine ligated thiocyanate-free Ru-complex Swetha T, Rana PJS, Islam A, Singh SP
312 - 317	Influence of phase transition on stability of perovskite solar cells under thermal cycling conditions He J, Li TH, Liu XP, Su H, Ku ZL, Zhong J, Huang FZ, Peng Y, Cheng YB
318 - 326	Corrugating photovoltaic modules enhances thermal efficiency and power output Duwairi H, Qasem M
327 - 338	Experimental investigation on the abasement of operating temperature in solar photovoltaic panel using PCM and aluminium Rajvikram M, Leoponraj S, Ramkumar S, Akshaya H, Dheeraj A
339 - 352	Solar irradiance modelling using an offline coupling procedure for the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model Pereira RM, Santos CS, Rocha A
353 - 360	Numerical simulation of potential induced degradation (PID) in different thin-film solar cells using SCAPS-1D Mishra S, Bhargava K, Deb D
361 - 379	Thermal performance investigation of three sides concave dimple roughened solar air heaters Kumar V, Prasad L
380 - 385	Metal organic framework doped Spiro-OMeTAD with increased conductivity for improving perovskite solar cell performance Li MR, Wang JQ, Jiang AF, Xia DB, Du X, Dong YY, Wang P, Fan RQ, Yang YL
386 - 402	Evaluation of solar irradiance forecasting skills of the Australian Bureau of Meteorology's ACCESS models Joshi B, Kay M, Copper JK, Sproul AB
403 - 413	Preparation of hierarchical flower-like nickel sulfide as hole transporting material for organic solar cells via a one-step solvothermal method Hilal M, Han JI
414 - 425	Generalized distribution parameter model and numerical simulation method for DSG solar trough collector under once-through mode Wang GJ, Yan F, Chen ZH, Sun SC, Chen H
426 - 440	A review of photovoltaic systems: Design, operation and maintenance Hernandez-Callejo L, Gallardo-Saavedra S, Alonso-Gomez V
441 - 449	Application of TiO2 hollow microspheres incorporated with up-conversion NaYF4:Yb3+, Er3+ nanoparticles and commercial available carbon counter electrodes in dye-sensitized solar cells Cai WX, Zhang ZB, Jin YZ, Lv YQ, Wang L, Chen KC, Zhou XF
450 - 463	Carrier heating and its effects on the current-voltage relations of conventional and hot-carrier solar cells: A physical model incorporating energy transfer between carriers, photons, and phonons Tsai CY
464 - 474	Experimental study for thermal regulation of photovoltaic panels using saturated zeolite with water Abdallah SR, Saidani-Scott H, Benedi J
475 - 482	Research on potential induced degradation (PID) of polymeric backsheet in PV modules after salt-mist exposure Zhang JW, Cao DK, Diaham S, Zhang X, Yin XQ, Wang Q
483 - 483	Simplified vector-based model tailored for urban-scale prediction of solar irradiance (vol 183, pg 566, 2019) Liao W, Heo Y, Xu S
484 - 494	Effects of different fin parameters on temperature and efficiency for cooling of photovoltaic panels under natural convection Bayrak F, Oztop HF, Selimefendigil F
495 - 506	Experimental investigations on thermal efficiency of a prototype passive solar air collector with wavelike baffles Fiuk JJ, Dutkowski K
507 - 518	Performance analyses of mixed mode forced convection solar dryer for drying of stevia leaves Lakshmi DVN, Muthukumar P, Layek A, Nayak PK
519 - 532	Experimental and CFD analysis of solar air heater duct roughened with multiple broken transverse ribs: A comparative study Singh I, Vardhan S, Singh S, Singh A
533 - 544	Design principles based on analysis in R(epsilon) - J(epsilon) space to achieve near perfect full-spectrum volumetric solar-thermal conversion Liu MQ, Zhao CY, Wang BX
545 - 560	Comparison of solar thermal and solar electric space heating and cooling systems for buildings in different climatic regions Ayadi O, Al-Dahidi S
561 - 572	Potable water by solar thermal distillation in solar salt works and performance enhancement by integrating with evacuated tubes Patel J, Markam BK, Maiti S
573 - 585	Numerical study on the directly-irradiated vortex reactor for solar CO2 coal gasification Dai SM, Chang ZS, Chang C, Akhatov JS, Li X
586 - 592	Improved stability and efficiency of CdSe/Sb2Se3 thin-film solar cells Guo LP, Grice OR, Zhang BY, Xing O, Li L, Qian XF, Yan F
593 - 602	Fabrication of visible-light-active ZnO/ZnFe-LDH heterojunction on Ni foam for pollutants removal with enhanced photoelectrocatalytic performance Fei WH, Song Y, Li NJ, Chen DY, Xu QF, Li H, He JH, Lu JM
603 - 608	Cost-effective and efficient dye-sensitized solar cells with nickel cobalt sulfide counter electrodes Wei PK, Li J, Kang HZ, Hao ZW, Yang Y, Guo DG, Liu L
609 - 618	Effect of hot-casted NiO hole transport layer on the performance of perovskite solar cells Al Mamun A, Ava TT, Abdel-Fattah TM, Jeong HJ, Jeong MS, Han S, Yoon H, Namkoong G
619 - 630	Heat storage and release performance analysis of CaCO3/CaO thermal energy storage system after doping nano silica Khosa AA, Zhao CY
631 - 643	Development of a novel thermal model for a PV/T collector and its experimental analysis Das D, Kalita P, Dewan A, Tanweer S
644 - 654	Benchmarking analysis of a novel thermocline hybrid thermal energy storage system using steelmaking slag pebbles as packed-bed filler material for central receiver applications Sanz JL, Nunez FC, Zaversky F
655 - 666	Optimal sizing of off-grid hybrid energy system based on minimum cost of energy and reliability criteria using firefly algorithm Sanajaoba S
667 - 684	Influence of synthesized pyridine and tetra ethylene glycol derivatives in poly (vinylidene fluoride)/poly (ethylene oxide) with Ti coated back contact dye-sensitized solar cells Ganesan S, Balamurugan S, Karthika P, Marimuthu M
685 - 696	Optimal sizing of an autonomous photovoltaic/wind/battery/diesel generator microgrid using grasshopper optimization algorithm Bukar AL, Tan CW, Lau KY
697 - 705	Ultrasonic spray deposition of TiO2 electron transport layers for reproducible and high efficiency hybrid perovskite solar cells Sun JS, Pascoe AR, Meyer S, Wu QJ, Della Gaspera E, Raga SR, Zhang T, Nattestad A, Bach U, Cheng YB, Jasieniak JJ
706 - 719	Numerical analysis on the thermal performance of a novel PCM-encapsulated porous heat storage Trombe-wall system Li W, Chen W
720 - 729	Thermochemical energy storage via isothermal carbonation-calcination cycles of MgO-stabilized SrO in the range of 1000-1100 degrees C Gigantino M, Kiwic D, Steinfeld A
730 - 741	Short-term solar power forecast with deep learning: Exploring optimal input and output configuration Sun YC, Venugopal V, Brandt AR
742 - 749	Theoretical design of porphyrin dyes with electron-deficit heterocycles towards near-IR light sensitization in dye-sensitized solar cells Li W, Ren WH, Chen Z, Lu TF, Deng L, Tang JF, Zhang XM, Wang L, Bai FQ
750 - 759	Ti3C2 nanosheets modified Zr-MOFs with Schottky junction for boosting photocatalytic HER performance Tian P, He X, Zhao L, Li WX, Fang W, Chen H, Zhang FQ, Huang ZH, Wang HL
760 - 774	Bayesian parameterisation of a regional photovoltaic model - Application to forecasting Saint-Drenan YM, Vogt S, Killinger S, Bright JM, Fritz R, Potthast R
775 - 786	Aluminum-doped strontium ferrites for a two-step solar thermochemical air separation cycle: Thermodynamic characterization and cycle analysis Bush HE, Datta R, Loutzenhiser PG
787 - 787	Analysis of the performance of photovoltaic systems in Slovenia (vol 180, pg 550, 2019) Seme S, Sredensek K, Stumberger B, Hadziselimovic M
788 - 798	Simultaneous charging and discharging of phase change materials: Development of correlation for liquid fraction Joybari MM, Haghighat F, Seddegh S, Yuan YP
799 - 812	A Fast All-sky Radiation Model for Solar applications with Narrowband Irradiances on Tilted surfaces (FARMS-NIT): Part II. The cloudy-sky model Xie Y, Sengupta M, Wang CX
813 - 824	A study on the degradation rates and the linearity of the performance decline of various thin film PV technologies Solis-Aleman EM, de la Casaa J, Romero-Fiances I, Silva JP, Nofuentes G
825 - 830	CdS quantum dots pre-deposition for efficiency enhancement of quantum dot-sensitized solar cells Samadpour M, Jun HK, Parand P, Najafi MN
831 - 838	Barriers and solutions of solar water heaters in Mexican household Salgado-Conrado L, Lopez-Montelongo A
839 - 848	Enhancing photovoltaic performance of perovskite solar cells utilizing germanium nanoparticles Zhang CX, Li ZF, Deng XS, Yan B, Wang ZB, Chen XH, Sun Z, Huang SM
849 - 856	Design of novel solar-light driven sponge-like Fe2V4O13 photocatalyst: A unique platform for the photoreduction of carcinogenic hexavalent chromium Marikkani S, Kumar JV, Muthuraj V
857 - 864	Simultaneous achievement of high visible transmission and near-infrared heat shielding in flexible liquid crystal-based smart windows via electrode design Huang JH, Li J, Xu JJ, Wang ZZ, Sheng W, Li HJ, Yang Y, Song WJ
865 - 874	Simulation study on the efficiency of thermochromic absorber coatings for solar thermal flat-plate collectors Muller S, Giovannetti F, Reineke-Koch R, Kastner O, Hafner B
875 - 882	Optimization of a BIPV system to mitigate greenhouse gas and indoor environment Yoo SH
883 - 889	High temperature oxidation and erosion of candidate materials for particle receivers of concentrated solar power tower systems Galiullin T, Gobereit B, Naumenko D, Buck R, Amsbeck L, Neises-von Puttkamer M, Quadakkers WJ
890 - 897	Sulfur doped ceria-titania (S-CeTiO4-x) nanocomposites for enhanced solar driven water splitting Qamaruddin M, Khan I, Ajumobi OO, Ganiyu SA, Qurashi A
898 - 912	Modeling of efficient pyrene-core substituted with electron-donating groups as hole-transporting materials in perovskite solar cells Andijani N, Al-Qurashi O, Wazzan N, Irfan A
913 - 923	Low cost 'green' dye sensitized solar cells based on New Fuchsin dye with aqueous electrolyte and platinum-free counter electrodes Kokal RK, Bhattacharya S, Cardoso LS, Miranda PB, Soma VR, Chetti P, Melepurath D, Raavi SSK
924 - 934	Interleaved high gain DC-DC converter for integrating solar PV source to DC bus Revathi BS, Mahalingam P, Gonzalez-Longatt F
935 - 950	Investigating influences of geometric factors on a solar thermochemical reactor for two-step carbon dioxide splitting via CFD models Zhang H, Smith JD
951 - 957	Evaluation of the performance of stilbene-based hole transport materials with an emphasis on their configuration for use in perovskite solar cells Ashassi-Sorkhabi H, Salehi-Abar P
958 - 969	Thin-layer solar drying characteristics of Moroccan horehound leaves (Marrubium vulgare L.) under natural and forced convection solar drying Bahammou Y, Tagnamas Z, Lamharrar A, Idlimam A
970 - 975	SolarData package update v1.1: R functions for easy access of Baseline Surface Radiation Network (BSRN) Yang DZ
976 - 988	Spectral modeling and spectral impacts on the performance of mc-Si and new generation CdTe photovoltaics in warm and sunny climates Braga M, do Nascimento LR, Ruther R
989 - 1001	Biodegradability index enhancement of landfill leachates using a Solar Galvanic-Fenton and Galvanic-Fenton system coupled to an anaerobic aerobic bioreactor Castillo-Suarez LA, Lugo-Lugo V, Linares-Hernandez I, Martinez-Miranda V, Esparza-Soto M, Mier-Quiroga MD
1002 - 1012	Active drying of unripened bananas (Musa Nendra) in a multi-tray mixed mode solar cabinet dryer with backup energy storage Arun KR, Srinivas M, Saleel CA, Jayaraj S
1013 - 1030	A lab-scale rotary kiln for thermal treatment of particulate materials under high concentrated solar radiation: Experimental assessment and transient numerical modeling Gallo A, Alonso E, Perez-Rabago C, Fuentealba E, Roldan MI
1031 - 1040	Theoretical design and characterization of NIR porphyrin-based sensitizers for applications in dye-sensitized solar cells Estrella LL, Kim DH
1041 - 1041	Effects of morphology and thickness of Al2O3 scaffold on charge transport in Perovskite-based solar cells (vol 153, pg 379, 2017) Abdi N, Abdi Y, Alemipour Z
1042 - 1053	An analytical approach for estimating the global horizontal from the global tilted irradiance Halilovic S, Bright JM, Herzberg W, Killinger S
1054 - 1067	Three-stage scheduling scheme for hybrid energy storage systems to track scheduled feed-in PV power Liang ZR, Song ZX, Wang JH, Wang X, Zhang GG
1068 - 1083	Feasibility design and techno-economic analysis of hybrid renewable energy system for rural electrification Murugaperumal K, Raj PADV
1084 - 1101	Reduction of input voltage/current ripples of boost half-bridge DC-DC converter for photovoltaic micro-inverter Lee HS, Kang B, Kim WS, Yoon SJ
1102 - 1110	Solar irradiance and temperature influence on the photovoltaic cell equivalent-circuit models Chaibi Y, Allouhi A, Malvoni M, Salhi M, Saadani R
1111 - 1117	Uniaxially aligned microwire networks for flexible transparent electrodes using a novel electrospinning set-up Yousefi AA, Mohebbi AR, Moghadam SF, Poursamar SA, Hao L
1118 - 1133	Is it time to embrace building integrated Photovoltaics? A review with particular focus on Australia Alim MA, Tao Z, Hassan MK, Rahman A, Wang BL, Zhang CW, Samali B
1134 - 1145	Site-specific assessment of mechanical loads on photovoltaic modules from meteorological reanalysis data Camus C, Offermann P, Weissmann M, Buerhop C, Hauch J, Brabec CJ
1146 - 1155	Indoor experiments of dust deposition reduction on solar cell covering glass by transparent super-hydrophobic coating with different tilt angles Zhang LZ, Pan AJ, Cai RR, Lu H
1156 - 1168	Selection of the best solar photovoltaic (PV) for Oman Abdul-Wahab S, Charabi Y, Al-Mahruqi AM, Osman I, Osman S
1169 - 1177	Antimony sulfide selenide prototype photovoltaic modules surpassing 4% conversion efficiency under the sun - A technological outlook Nair PK, De Bray-Sanchez F, Vazquez-Garcia G, Nair MTS
1178 - 1188	Efficient and cost-effective dye-sensitized solar cells using MWCNT-TiO2 nanocomposite as photoanode and MWCNT as Pt-free counter electrode Younas M, Gondal MA, Dastageer MA, Harrabi K
1189 - 1200	Switching on optical properties of D-pi-A DSSC sensitizers from pi-spacers towards machine learning Arooj Q, Wang F
1201 - 1208	The role of transition region charges between dopant-free asymmetric heterocontacts in interdigitated back contact silicon heterojunction solar cells Yang ZH, Yang X, Lin H, Wang JJ, Wang W, Gao PQ, Yan BJ, Chee KWA, Sheng J, Ye JC
1209 - 1220	Phase transition behavior and defect analysis of CuSbS2 thin films for photovoltaic application prepared by hybrid inks Banu S, Cho Y, Kim K, Ahn SK, Gwak J, Cho A
1221 - 1231	Analysis of steel making slag pebbles as filler material for thermocline tanks in a hybrid thermal energy storage system Nunez FC, Sanz JL, Zaversky F
1232 - 1242	Immobilisation of TiO2-P25 on a glass fibre mat: Preparation, photocatalytic activity and stability Adamek E, Baran W, Ziemiarlska-Blaszczyk J, Sobczak A
1243 - 1247	Analytic and Monte-Carlo studies of the effect of dust accumulation on photovoltaics Oh S
1248 - 1255	Luminescent solar concentrators performing under different light conditions Li YL, Sun YJ, Zhang YC
1256 - 1263	An annular compound parabolic concentrator used in tower solar thermal power generation system Huang Y, Ma XY, Rao CH, Liu XC, He R
1264 - 1273	Modelling and performance evaluation of an integrated receiver-storage for concentrating solar power beam-down system under heterogeneous radiative conditions Yang S, Wang J, Lund PD, Jiang C, Li XX
1274 - 1282	Experimental parametric study of membrane distillation unit using solar energy Zarzoum K, Zhani K, Ben Bacha H, Koschikowski J
1283 - 1291	Paper-based integrated evaporation device for efficient solar steam generation through localized heating Guo CL, Miao ED, Zhao JX, Liang L, Liu Q
1292 - 1297	Effect of additives in electrode paste of p-type crystalline Si solar cells on potential-induced degradation Jonai S, Tanaka A, Muramatsu K, Saito G, Nakamura K, Ogura A, Ohshita Y, Masuda A
1298 - 1305	Hydraulically and thermally developing laminar flow induced isolated inelastic particle transport and deposition on a flat plate Yadav U, Chandra L, Bandyopadhyay B
1306 - 1319	A hierarchical architecture for increasing efficiency of large photovoltaic plants under non-homogeneous solar irradiation Ngoc TN, Sanseverino ER, Quang NN, Romano P, Viola F, Van BD, Huy HN, Trong TT, Phung QN
1320 - 1331	Modelling of a flat-plate solar collector using artificial neural networks for different working fluid (water) flow rates Diez FJ, Navas-Gracia LM, Martinez-Rodriguez A, Correa-Guimaraes A, Chico-Santamarta L
1332 - 1348	Experimental analysis of a PCM integrated solar chimney under laboratory conditions Dordelly JCF, El Mankibi M, Roccamena L, Remiona G, Landa JA
1349 - 1359	Heating canarian greenhouse with a passive solar water-sleeve system: Effect on microclimate and tomato crop yield Gourdo L, Fatnassi H, Bouharroud R, Ezzaeri K, Bazgaou A, Wifaya A, Demrati H, Bekkaoui A, Aharoune A, Poncet C, Bouirden L
1360 - 1368	Experimental effect of high mass flow rate and volume cooling on performance of a water-type PV/T collector Pang W, Cui YN, Zhang Q, Yu HW, Zhang LR, Yan H
1369 - 1379	OpenSolar: Promoting the openness and accessibility of diverse public solar datasets Feng C, Yang DZ, Hodge BM, Zhang J