Based on the studies of the first proton exchange/remove of layered Ni(OH)(2), super nickel oxide has been prepared with strongly alkaline concentrated sodium hypochlorite solution. The primary alkaline super nickel battery equipped with the prepared NiOOH cathode provides an energy capacity 2 times as large as that of the existing alkaline manganese batteries under high drain. In addition, according to the second proton exchange of Ni(OH)2, the layered NiOOLi has also been synthesized by means of the proton/Li-ion exchange of super nickel oxide in LiOH solution, and then in molten lithium hydroxide. It provides higher discharge voltage and capacity than that of the widely adopted LiCoO2 and LiMn2O4. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.