The most critical problem in the realization of industrial applications for fullerene carbons is not to find good uses, but rather to make breakthroughs in the methods of producing C-60 and single-walled carbon nanotubes at reasonable cost. Promising improvements are being made on the arc discharge and low-pressure combustion methods for the production Of C-60, and on the production of single-walled carbon nanotubes (HiPco process). Difficulties in the developments of flat panel display using field emission effects of carbon nanotubes are mentioned. Opportunities in the composites Of C-60 with polymers are referred. Research work on medicinal applications Of C-60 going on at a venture company is touched upon using an HIV protease inhibitor and a neuroprotector. Some of the three-dimensional polymers of C-60 obtained at high-temperature ultra-high-pressure treatment of C-60 crystals are harder than diamond. Structural chacteristics of these superdiamonds are discussed in relation to the origin of their hardness.