This paper analyzes various methods of disposal of municipal solid waste in China, including refuse incineration, garbage power and landfill technology. Based on the conventional pyrolysis principle, a new apparatus has been developed for waste disposal in China. It is especially useful in China as the waste is not sorted. The experiment shows that the concentration of dioxins meets the emission standard of 0.1 ng-TE/N m(3) by controlling the residence time and temperature. The expulsive solid weight is as low as 5-7% of the whole refuse. At the same time, a great deal of fire gas was generated in the treatment process. (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier Ltd.