Microalgae are viewed as one of the potential feedstock for biomass production. In the present investigation, the technology of thermo gravimetric analysis, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen elemental analysis combined with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was applied to study the characteristics of algal biomass (Scenedesmus sp.). The algal biomass samples were analyzed to identify the surface functionality and thermal stability of the biomass and release characteristics of the gas products. Fourier infrared spectroscopy examination of algal biomass revealed the presence of -OH, -COOH, NH2, and C=O organic compound groups. The results suggest that the biomass of Scenedesmus sp. is a sustainable green energy source.