This study evaluated the effect of air-abrasion parameters such as particle size, distance, and time on adhesion of resin cement to zirconium dioxide (Y-TZP) and tm phase transformation. Y-TZP blocks (N=80) (In-Ceram YZ, Vita) (4mm(3)x4mm(3)x3mm(3)) were assigned into eight groups (n=10): air-abrasion with 30m (CoJet Sand, S30) and 110m (Rocatec-Plus, S110) silica-coated alumina particles, applied for either for 10-20s (T=time), from a distance of 10-20mm (D=distance), composing the following groups: S30T10D10, S30T10D20, S30T20D10, S30T20D20, S110T10D10, S110T10D20, S110T20D10, and S110T20D20. Resin composite (RelyX ARC) was bonded to Y-TZP blocks in polyethylene molds. The specimens were aged (10,000 thermal cycles and water storage for 90days) prior to shear bond test. Failure types were analyzed under stereomicroscope and SEM, and phase transformation was calculated. Data (MPa) were analyzed using 3-way ANOVA and Tukey's tests. Air-abrasion with 110m silica particles (10.96) presented significantly higher bond strength (p=0.0149) compared to 30m (8.96). Time (p=0.403) and distance (p=0.179) parameters did not affect the results significantly. Air-abrasion with 110m particles (12.3) promoted higher bond strength than that of 30m (6.4) when applied for 10s from a distance of 10mm (Tukey's). Failure types were predominantly adhesive. Phase transformation ranged between 30.3 and 35.9% for 30m particles and 23.8-43.7% for 110m particles. While the size of silica-coated alumina particles were more relevant parameter for resin cement adhesion to Y-TZP, time (up to 20s) and distance (up to 20mm) appear to be less pertinent.