Hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of triglycerides into hydrocarbons is a novel catalytic process for the production of green biofuels. In this work, the HDO reaction mechanism over Rh/ZrO2 catalyst was studied by selecting methyl palmitate as a model compound. HDO of methyl palmitate proceeded initially via the hydrogenolysis into palmitic acid intermediate, followed by sequential hydrogenation-decarbonylation reaction into pentadecane via aldehyde intermediate. Bifunctional mechanism of the Rh/ZrO2 catalyst is advocated for the HDO process, in which both Rh sites and oxygen vacancy sites on ZrO2 synergistically contribute to the catalysis. The interface between Rh nanoparticle and support was proposed to host the most active sites. Based on our earlier work, a surface reaction mechanism was proposed and slightly modified to develop a set of mechanistic kinetic models. The mechanistic model consisting of two distinct types of adsorption sites for oxygenated components and H-2, gave a good fitting to the kinetic data over a broad range of reaction conditions and conversion levels. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.