Effect of sulfur on the rheological properties and phase structure of polycarbonate/ poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile)/multiwalled carbon nanotube composites

Kyungmin Chung; Hyungsu Kim

Korea-Australia Rheology Journal, Vol.30, No.4, 309-316, November, 2018

DOI10.1007/s13367-018-0028-4 Export Citation

Effect of sulfur on the rheological properties and phase structure of polycarbonate/ poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile)/multiwalled carbon nanotube composites

Kyungmin Chung¹, and Hyungsu Kim^{1, 2, †}

¹Department of Creative Convergent Manufacturing Engineering, Dankook University, Yongin 16890, Republic of K, Korea
²Department of Chemical Engineering, Dankook University, Yongin 16890, Republic of Korea

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Elemental sulfur has been introduced to the suspensions of polycarbonate (PC), poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) (SAN) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT). A particular interest was focused on the effect of sulfur diradicals on the rheological properties and phase structure of the sonicated composites. The melt viscosities, elasticities, and relaxation moduli of the PC/SAN/MWCNT composites were significantly increased by sulfur during the sonication of less than 10 min. In the morphological analysis, the MWCNTs were found to be located at the interface of PC/SAN and inside of SAN domains as well, which is contrary to the prediction of wetting coefficient criteria. Interestingly, the volume resistivity of the composites was improved by the addition of sulfur. The unique features found in the sulfur added composites of PC/SAN/ MWCNT are explained by the state of MWCNT dispersion and interfacial effects.

Keywords:sulfur;PC;SAN;carbon nanotube;rheological properties;phase structure

[References]

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Carotenuto G, Romeo V, Nicola SD, Nicolais L, Nanoscale Res. Lett., 8, 94 (2013)
Choi M, Lee K, Lee J, Kim H, Macromol. Symp., 249-250, 350 (2007)
Choi HJ, Zhang K, Lim JY, J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol., 7, 3400 (2007)
Chung K, Effect of Sulfur on the Rheological Properties and Phase Structure of Immiscible Polymer Blends and Their Composites with Carbon Nanotube, 2018.
Fujiwara H, Goto K, Polym. Bull., 23, 27 (1990)
Gogate PR, Prajapat AL, Ultrason. Sonochem., 27, 480 (2015)
Goldel A, Kasaliwal G, Potschke P, Macromol. Rapid Commun., 30(6), 423 (2009)
Griebel JJ, Glass RS, Char K, Pyun J, Prog. Polym. Sci, 58, 90 (2016)
Gultner M, Goldel A, Potschke P, Compos. Sci. Technol., 72, 41 (2011)
Han MS, Lee YK, Kim WN, Lee HS, Joo JS, Park M, Lee HJ, Park CR, Macromol. Res., 17(11), 863 (2009)
Huang YY, Ahir SV, Terentjev EM, Phys. Rev. B, 73, 125422 (2006)
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Li J, Guo S, Slezak R, Hausnerova B, Macromol. Chem. Phys., 206, 2429 (2005)
Lim J, Pyun J, Char K, Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit., 54, 3249 (2015)
Lu KL, Lago RM, Chen YK, Green MLH, Harris PJF, Tsang SC, Carbon, 34, 814 (1996)
Mason TJ, Lorimer JP, Applied Sonochemistry: Thee Uses of Power Ultrasound in Chemistry and Processing, 2002.
Park JU, Cho S, Cho KS, Ahn KH, Lee SJ, Lee SJ, Korea-Aust. Rheol. J., 17(2), 41 (2005)
Potschke P, Fornes TD, Paul DR, Polymer, 43(11), 3247 (2002)
Powell RE, Eyring H, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 65, 648 (1943)
Price GJ, West PJ, Polymer, 37(17), 3975 (1996)
Sumita M, Sakata K, Asai S, Miyasaka K, Nakagawa H, Polym. Bull., 25, 265 (1991)
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[3] Choi M, Lee K, Lee J, Kim H, Macromol. Symp., 249-250, 350 (2007)

[4] Choi HJ, Zhang K, Lim JY, J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol., 7, 3400 (2007)

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[6] Fujiwara H, Goto K, Polym. Bull., 23, 27 (1990)

[7] Gogate PR, Prajapat AL, Ultrason. Sonochem., 27, 480 (2015)

[8] Goldel A, Kasaliwal G, Potschke P, Macromol. Rapid Commun., 30(6), 423 (2009)

[9] Griebel JJ, Glass RS, Char K, Pyun J, Prog. Polym. Sci, 58, 90 (2016)

[10] Gultner M, Goldel A, Potschke P, Compos. Sci. Technol., 72, 41 (2011)

[11] Han MS, Lee YK, Kim WN, Lee HS, Joo JS, Park M, Lee HJ, Park CR, Macromol. Res., 17(11), 863 (2009)

[12] Huang YY, Ahir SV, Terentjev EM, Phys. Rev. B, 73, 125422 (2006)

[13] Kutney G, Sulfur: History, Technology, Applications and Industry, 2007.

[14] Li J, Guo S, Slezak R, Hausnerova B, Macromol. Chem. Phys., 206, 2429 (2005)

[15] Lim J, Pyun J, Char K, Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit., 54, 3249 (2015)

[16] Lu KL, Lago RM, Chen YK, Green MLH, Harris PJF, Tsang SC, Carbon, 34, 814 (1996)

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[19] Potschke P, Fornes TD, Paul DR, Polymer, 43(11), 3247 (2002)

[20] Powell RE, Eyring H, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 65, 648 (1943)

[21] Price GJ, West PJ, Polymer, 37(17), 3975 (1996)

[22] Sumita M, Sakata K, Asai S, Miyasaka K, Nakagawa H, Polym. Bull., 25, 265 (1991)

[23] Taguet A, Cassagnau P, Lopez-Cuesta JM, Prog. Polym. Sci, 39, 1526 (2014)

[24] Tobolsky AV, J. Polym. Sci. Pt. C-Polym. Symp., 12, 71 (1966)