The challenges of developing ionic liquids as tribological lubricants for thin film media

A. Fan; R.J. Waltman

Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Vol.102, 17-24, October, 2021

DOI10.1016/j.jiec.2021.06.017 Export Citation

The challenges of developing ionic liquids as tribological lubricants for thin film media

A. Fan^†, and R.J. Waltman

Western Digital Company, 5601 Great Oaks Parkway, San Jose, CA 95119-1003, USA

E-mail:

Ionic liquids (ILs) could be promising candidates for heat-assisted magnetic recording media due to their extraordinary properties such as considerably thinner monolayer (ML) thickness and extremely good thermal stability. In this paper, the physical properties and mechanism clearance of some novel fluorinated ILs were investigated through several analytical technologies including contact angle, FTIR, XPS, AFM, TGA and Candela OSA. Although the ML thickness of the ionic lubricants was confirmed only 50 - 60 % of that of conventional PFPEs, their evaporation performance as two-dimension lubricant nanofilm is significantly inferior to conventional PFPEs. In addition, the greater surface energy of ILs vs conventional PFPE lubricants, resulting in their poor mechanical clearance. The findings here reveal critical challenges in the developing of ionic lubricants for thin film magnetic media and may serve as guidance for the future design of ILs as media lubricants.

Keywords:Perfluoropolyether;Ionic liquids;Monolayer thickness;Bonding kinetics;Mechanical clearance

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[2] Waltman RJ, Deng H, Wang GJ, Zhu H, Tyndall GW, Tribol. Lett., 39, 211 (2010)

[3] Yanagisawa M, Wear, 168, 167 (1993)

[4] Liu B, Yu S, Zhang M, Gonzaga L, Li H, Liu J, Ma Y, IEEE Trans. Magn., 43, 715 (2007)

[5] Khurshodov A, Waltman RJ, Tribol. Lett., 11, 143 (2001)

[6] Bassi M, Thermochimica Acta, 521, 197 (2011)

[7] Fan A, Wiilta C, Waltman RJ, J. Tribol., 141 (2019)

[8] Kryder MH, Gage EC, McDaniel TW, Challener WA, Rottmayer RE, Ju G, Hsia YT, Fatih Erden M, Proc. IEEE, 96, 1810 (2008)

[9] Zhou F, Liang Y, Liu W, Chem. Soc. Rev., 38, 2590 (2009)

[10] Gong X, West B, Taylor A, Li L, IEEE Trans. Magn. doi:10.1109/TMAG.2015.2438253.

[11] Gong X, Kozbial A, Rose F, Li L, A.C.S. Appl, Mater. Interfaces, 7, 7078 (2015)

[12] Wang B, Moran C, Lin D, Tang H, Gage E, Li L, A.C.S. Appl, Nano Mater., 2, 5260 (2019)

[13] Wang B, Moran C, Tang H, Li L, ACS Appl. Nano Mater., 3, 8803 (2020)

[14] Hatsuda K, Tano N, Tani H, IEEE Trans. Magn., 55, 1 (2019)

[15] Hatsuda K, Tano N, Tani H, Tribol. Online, 15, 230 (2020)

[16] Guo XC, Knigge B, Marchon B, J. Appl. Phys., 100 (2006)

[17] Kondo H, Hatsuda K, Ito M, Tano N, Yun K, Watanabe M, US 2017/0066989 A1.

[18] Toney MF, Mate CM, Pocker DJ, IEEE Trans. Magn., 34, 1774 (1998)

[19] Cheng T, Zhao B, Chao J, Meeks SW, Velidandea V, Tribol. Lett., 9, 181 (2001)

[20] Waltman RJ, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 333(2), 540 (2009)

[21] Waltman RJ, Guo XC, Tribol. Lett., 45, 275 (2012)

[22] Waltman RJ, Witta C, Valsecchi R, Tribol. Online, 13, 262 (2018)

[23] Cremer T, Wibmer L, Calderon SK, Deyko A, Maier F, Steinruck HP, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 14, 5153 (2012)

[24] Waltman RJ, Khurshudov A, Tribol. Lett., 13, 197 (2002)

[25] Waltman RJ, Guo XC, Tribol. Lett., 45, 275 (2012)

[26] Waltman RJ, Raman V, Burns J, Tribol. Lett., 17, 239 (2004)

[27] Waltman RJ, Witta C, Tribol. Online, 10, 262 (2015)