Optical and excitonic nanoprobes have been fabricated using several novel techniques. These include micropipette tips and fiber-optic tips with polymeric or crystalline luminescent materials. The most important molecular technology we have developed is the near-field photo-nanofabrication, by which we have made subwavelength light sources and submicrometer intracellular biochemical optical fiber sensors, Both passive and active (luminescent) light sources have been used in interfacial Kasha quenching effect studies, biochemical sensing and supertip development. We have also shown that active light sources give much better detection limits in luminescent studies, An enhancement of three orders of magnitude in detection limit is expected.