역상 유화중합을 이용한 미세 세포구조 포움 개발에 관한 연구

우종표; 김선남

Polymer(Korea), Vol.22, No.4, 642-650, July, 1998

Export Citation

역상 유화중합을 이용한 미세 세포구조 포움 개발에 관한 연구

A Study on the Microcellular Foam via Inverse Emulsion Polymerization

우종표, 김선남

초록

Styrene 단량체를 이용한 역상 유화중합을 통해 저밀도의 미세 다공체를 제조하였다. 이때 유화계의 변수들인 단량체 투입방법, water상/styrene상의 비, 계면활성제/water상의 비, 교반속도 및 시간이 다공체의 미세구조인 기공의 크기, 기공의 형상, 겉보기 밀도, 비표면적에 미치는 영향을 실험적으로 조사하였다. 그 결과 계면활성제/water비 및 교반속도가 기공의 크기에 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 것을 알 수 있었고, 열린 기공/닫힌 기공의 모폴로지는 water상/styrene상의 비에 크게 의존함을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 역상 유화계에 적용 가능한 여러 계면활성제 중 sorbitan monooleate가 water/styrene 역상유화계의 중합반응을 이용한 다공체 제조시에 적합한 계면활성제로 밝혀졌다. 이상의 연구결과를 통해 기공의 크기가 1∼20㎛이고 겉보기 밀도가 0.05∼0.20g/cm³인 폴리스티렌 다공체의 미세구조를 조절할 수 있었다.

A low density microcellular foam was prepared using inverse emulsion polymerization of styrene monomer. The morphology of emulsion foams was examined in terms of pore size, cell structure, bulk density, and specific surface area. The variables in emulsion system including monomer feeding methods, water phase/oil phase ratio, surfactant/water ratio, and mechanical stirring conditions were considered in this study. The ratio of surfactant/styrene rather than that of water/styrene dominated the pore size of emulsion foams. The open-cell/closed-cell morphology was mainly determined by the ratio of water/styrene. Mechanical stirring conditions also had an effect on the pore size. It was found that sorbitan monooleate among various nonionic surfactants was suitable to the water/styrene inverse emulsion system. The microcellular foams with well controlled morphology having the pore size of 1-20 ㎛ and the bulk density of 0.05-0.20 g/cm(3) were developed in this study by the adjustment of the variables in emulsion system.

Keywords:Microcellular foam;Inverse emulsion;Polystyrene;Porous material

[References]

Aubert JM, Clough RL, Polymer, 26, 2047 (1985)
Williams JM, Moore JE, Polymer, 28, 1950 (1987)
Aubert JM, Sylwester AP, Chemtech., Apr., 234 (1991)
Aubert JM, Sylwester AP, Chemtech., May, 290 (1991)
Laxminarayan A, Mcguire KS, Kim SS, Lloyd DR, Polymer, 35(14), 3060 (1994)
Caneba GT, Soong DS, Macromolecules, 18, 2538 (1985)
Young AT, J. Cell. Plast., 23, 55 (1987)
Song SW, Torkelson JM, Macromolecules, 27(22), 6389 (1994)
Kamide K, Iijima H, Matsuda S, J. Polym., 25, 1113 (1993)
Castro AJ, U.S. Patent, 4,519,909 (1985)
Kesting RE, "Synthetic Polymeric Membranes: A Structural Perspective," 2nd ed., John Wiley, NY (1985)
Kistler SS, Nature, 127, 741 (1931)
Fricke J, "Aerogels," Springer-Verlag, NY (1986)
Pekala RW, Kong FM, Polym. Prepr., 30(1), 221 (1989)
Pekala RW, J. Mater. Sci., 241, 322 (1989)
Pekala RW, U.S. Patent, 4,997,804 (1991)
Kodama K, Yuge K, Masuda Y, Tamimoto Y, Polyurethane World Congress 1993, 140 (1993)
Kodama K, Yuge K, Masuda Y, Tamimoto Y, J. Cell. Plast., 31, 24 (1995)
Br. Patent, 1,458,125 (1972)
European Patent, 0,060,138 (1982)
U.S. Patent, 5,362,762 (1994)
Litt MH, Hsieh BR, Krieger IM, Chen TT, Lu HL, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 115, 312 (1987)
Williams JM, Langmuir, 4, 44 (1988)
Williams JM, Wrobleski DA, Langmuir, 4, 656 (1988)
Myers D, "Surfaces, Interfaces, and Colloids," VCH Publishers, NY (1991)

[Referenced By]

[1] Aubert JM, Clough RL, Polymer, 26, 2047 (1985)

[2] Williams JM, Moore JE, Polymer, 28, 1950 (1987)

[3] Aubert JM, Sylwester AP, Chemtech., Apr., 234 (1991)

[4] Aubert JM, Sylwester AP, Chemtech., May, 290 (1991)

[5] Laxminarayan A, Mcguire KS, Kim SS, Lloyd DR, Polymer, 35(14), 3060 (1994)

[6] Caneba GT, Soong DS, Macromolecules, 18, 2538 (1985)

[7] Young AT, J. Cell. Plast., 23, 55 (1987)

[8] Song SW, Torkelson JM, Macromolecules, 27(22), 6389 (1994)

[9] Kamide K, Iijima H, Matsuda S, J. Polym., 25, 1113 (1993)

[10] Castro AJ, U.S. Patent, 4,519,909 (1985)

[11] Kesting RE, "Synthetic Polymeric Membranes: A Structural Perspective," 2nd ed., John Wiley, NY (1985)

[12] Kistler SS, Nature, 127, 741 (1931)

[13] Fricke J, "Aerogels," Springer-Verlag, NY (1986)

[14] Pekala RW, Kong FM, Polym. Prepr., 30(1), 221 (1989)

[15] Pekala RW, J. Mater. Sci., 241, 322 (1989)

[16] Pekala RW, U.S. Patent, 4,997,804 (1991)

[17] Kodama K, Yuge K, Masuda Y, Tamimoto Y, Polyurethane World Congress 1993, 140 (1993)

[18] Kodama K, Yuge K, Masuda Y, Tamimoto Y, J. Cell. Plast., 31, 24 (1995)

[19] Br. Patent, 1,458,125 (1972)

[20] European Patent, 0,060,138 (1982)

[21] U.S. Patent, 5,362,762 (1994)

[22] Litt MH, Hsieh BR, Krieger IM, Chen TT, Lu HL, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 115, 312 (1987)

[23] Williams JM, Langmuir, 4, 44 (1988)

[24] Williams JM, Wrobleski DA, Langmuir, 4, 656 (1988)

[25] Myers D, "Surfaces, Interfaces, and Colloids," VCH Publishers, NY (1991)