천연가스 열분해법에 의한 수소 및 탄소 제조

장훈; 이병권; 임종성; Hun Jang; Byung Gwon Lee; Jong Sung Lim

Clean Technology, Vol.10, No.4, 203-213, December, 2004

Export Citation

천연가스 열분해법에 의한 수소 및 탄소 제조

Production of Hydrogen and Carbon Black Using Natural Gas Thermal Decomposition Method

장훈, 이병권 , 임종성 ^{1, †}

한국과학기술연구원 환경공정 연구부, 서울시 성북구 하월곡동 39-1
¹서강대학교 화공생명학과, 서울시 마포구 신수동 1

Hun Jang, Byung Gwon Lee , and Jong Sung Lim^{1, †}

Environment and Process Technology Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, P.O.Box 131, Cheongryang, Seoul 130-650, Korea
¹Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, P.O. Box 1142, Seoul, 100-611, Korea

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초록

천연가스의 열분해법은 천연가스 (CH4)를 고온에서 분해 시켜 수소와 탄소로 전환시키는 기술이다. 천연가스 열분해법의 가장 큰 장점은 이산화탄소의 발생 없이 수소와 탄소를 만드는 것이다. 본 연구에서는 이와같이 천연가스 고온 열분해법을 이용하여 메탄으로부터 수소와 탄소의 생성을 연구하였다. 실험을 통하여 메탄의 고온 열분해시 pyrocarbon이 반응관 내벽에 생성되며 그 위에 탄소가 퇴적되는 plugging 현상이 발생한다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 이 문제를 해결하기 위하여 본 연구에서는 이중관 반응기법, 반응 중간에 주기적으로 O2나 CO2로 퇴적된 탄소를 산화시키는 방법 등을 시도하였으며, 그 결과 어느 정도의 탄소 퇴적 현상을 해결할 수 있었다. 또한 SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) image를 사용하여 탄소 입자의 크기를 측정하였으며 그 크기는 약200 nm정도였다.

Natural gas thermal decomposition method is the technology of converting natural gas (methane) into hydrogen and carbon at high temperature. The most advantage of thermal decomposition method is that hydrogen and carbon can be produced without emitting carbon dioxide. In this study, the generation of hydrogen and carbon was investigated by this natural gas (methane) thermal decomposition method. We found that pyrocarbon was created on the surface of reactor, carbon black was deposited on the pyrocarbon and final plugging phenomenon took place. To solve this problem, we tried several attempts such as introduction of double pipe reactor instead of single pipe reactor or oxidization of carbon black using O2 or CO2 at regular intervals of reaction. Therefore, some plugging phenomenon was resolved by this methods. Also, carbon particle size was measured by SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) image and the size was about 200 nm.

[References]

Khan MS, Crynes BL, Ind. Eng. Chem., 62(10), 54 (1970)
Billaud F, Baronnet F, Freund E, Busson C, Weill J, Rev. Inst. Fr. Pet., 44, 813 (1989)
Hu ZJ, Huttinger KJ, Carbon, 41, 1501 (2003)
Frenklach M, Wang H, Modelling of Soot Particle Formation., Springer, Berlin, 165-192 (1994)
Westmoreland PR, Dean AM, Howard JB, Longwell JP, J. Phys. Chem., 93, 8171 (1989)
Holman A, Olsvik O, Rokstad OA, Fuel Processing Technology, 42, 246 (1995)
Billaud F, Broutin P, Busson C, Guret C, Rev. Inst. Fr. Pet., 48, 115 (1993)
Lahaye J, Prado G, ACS Symp. Ser., 21, 335 (1976)
Gaudermack B, Lynum S, "Hydrogen Production from Natural Gas without Release of CO2 to The Atmosphere". Proceedings of The Eleventh World Hydrogen Energy Conference
Muradov N, “Thermocatalytic CO2-Free Production of Hydrogen from Hydrocarbon Fuels”, Proceedings of 2001 DOE Hydrogen Program Review, NREL/CP-570-30535 (2001)

[Related Articles]

[1] Khan MS, Crynes BL, Ind. Eng. Chem., 62(10), 54 (1970)

[2] Billaud F, Baronnet F, Freund E, Busson C, Weill J, Rev. Inst. Fr. Pet., 44, 813 (1989)

[3] Hu ZJ, Huttinger KJ, Carbon, 41, 1501 (2003)

[4] Frenklach M, Wang H, Modelling of Soot Particle Formation., Springer, Berlin, 165-192 (1994)

[5] Westmoreland PR, Dean AM, Howard JB, Longwell JP, J. Phys. Chem., 93, 8171 (1989)

[6] Holman A, Olsvik O, Rokstad OA, Fuel Processing Technology, 42, 246 (1995)

[7] Billaud F, Broutin P, Busson C, Guret C, Rev. Inst. Fr. Pet., 48, 115 (1993)

[8] Lahaye J, Prado G, ACS Symp. Ser., 21, 335 (1976)

[9] Gaudermack B, Lynum S, "Hydrogen Production from Natural Gas without Release of CO2 to The Atmosphere". Proceedings of The Eleventh World Hydrogen Energy Conference

[10] Muradov N, “Thermocatalytic CO2-Free Production of Hydrogen from Hydrocarbon Fuels”, Proceedings of 2001 DOE Hydrogen Program Review, NREL/CP-570-30535 (2001)