반경질 폴리우레탄 발포체의 물성에 대한 사슬 연장제와 무기 충전제의 영향

차국찬; 송점식; 이석민; 문무성; Gook Chan Cha; Jeom Sik Song; Suk min Lee; Mu Seong Mun

Polymer(Korea), Vol.34, No.1, 8-13, January, 2010

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반경질 폴리우레탄 발포체의 물성에 대한 사슬 연장제와 무기 충전제의 영향

Effects of Chain Extender and Inorganic Filler on the Properties of Semi-Rigid Polyurethane Foams

차국찬^†, 송점식, 이석민, 문무성

재활공학연구소

Gook Chan Cha^†, Jeom Sik Song, Suk min Lee, and Mu Seong Mun

Korea Orthophedics & Rehabilitation Engineering Center(KOREC), 47-3, Kusan-dong, Bupyung-ku, Incheon 403-120, Korea

E-mail:

초록

발포체의 물성은 발포체의 밀도, 사용된 폴리머의 기계적 물성과 열린 셀의 함량, 셀 크기, 셀 크기 분포, 셀 형태, 스킨층의 두께 등을 포함하는 셀 구조에 의존하며, 이러한 발포체의 밀도는 사용된 폴리머의 종류와 가교제의 농도 그리고 가공 기술 및 가공 조건과 같은 다양한 원료 물질과 가교 조건에 영향을 받는다. 본 연구에서는 폴리에스터 폴리올, MDI, 아민계 촉매, 틴계 촉매, 실리콘 유화제, 물을 기본 폴리우레탄 발포체의 조성으로 설정하였으며, 발포체에 있어서 stiff-chain 요소인 사슬 연장제의 첨가에 의하여 가교 밀도를 증가시켰다. 또한, 폴리우레탄 발포체의 기계적 물성을 높이기 위해 무기 충전제로 입자 크기와 SiO2 함량이 다른 실리카와 탈크 각각 2종류를 사용하였다. 발포체의 제조시 사슬 연장제와 무기 충전제의 종류와 함량비를 달리하면서 모듈러스, 인장 강도, 압축 강도, 경도의 물성 변화를 알 아보았고, 전자현미경을 통해 셀의 크기 변화와 무기 충전제의 분포도를 관찰하였다.

The physical properties of polymeric foams depend on the density of foams, physical properties of base polymers, the content of open cells, and cell structures including the size and its distribution, the shape of cell, and the thickness of skin layer. The foam density is affected by the chemistry of raw materials, the concentration of crosslinking agent and the blowing agent as well as the operating parameters during production process. In this study, the basic formulations of foams are composed of polyester polyol, MDI, amine catalyst, tin catalyst, silicone surfactant, and water. Crosslinking density of polyurethane was increased by using chain extenders. Also, the mechanical properties of polyurethane foam were improved by using the inorganic fillers (silica 1,2 and talc 1,2) having different SiO2 contents and particle sizes. We investigated the properties of modulus, tensile strength, compressive strength and hardness of foams obtained by changing kind of inorganic filler and chain extender, and observed the distribution of inorganic filler as well as variation of cell size within the foams by electron microscopy.

Keywords:polyurethane;foam;chain extender;inorganic filler

[References]

Jung KM, Lucky Polym. Technol., 23, 10 (1992)
Klemper D, Frisch KC, Handbook of Polymeric Foams and Foam, New York, p.253 (1991)
Rodriguez-Perez MA, Alonso O, Duijsens A, De Saja IA, J. Polym. Sci. B: Polym. Phys., 36(14), 2587 (1998)
Walker BM, Handbook of Thermoplastic Elastomers, Marcel Dekker Inc., New York (1982)
Youn S, Poly. Technology Industry, 4, 23 (1996)
Gibson LJ, Ashby MF, Cellular Solids, Permagon Press, Oxford (1998)
Sims GLA, Khunniteekool W, Cell. Polym., 15, 1 (1996)
Sims GLA, Khunniteekool W, Cell. Polym., 15, 14 (1996)
Sims GLA, Khunniteekool W, Cellular Polymer III, RAPRA Coventry, Paper 23, April (1995)
Baser SA, Khakhar DV, Polym. Eng. Sci., 34(8), 642 (1994)
Ravey M, Pearce EM, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 63(1), 47 (1997)
Sharpe J, MacArthur D, Liu M, Kollie T, Graves R, Handriks R, J. Cell. Plast., 31, 313 (1995)
Fishback TL, Reichel CJ, J. Cell. Plast., 30, 84 (1994)
Volkert O, Adv. Urethane Sci. Tech., 13, 53 (1996)
Creazzo JA, Hammel HS, Cicalo KJ, Schindler P, J. Cell. Plast., 31, 154 (1995)
Volkert O, J. Cell. Plast., 31, 210 (1995)
Seo WJ, Jung HC, Kim YH, Kim WN, Choe KH, Lee YB, Choi SH, Polym.(Korea), 26(2), 185 (2002)
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http://www.kmci.co.kr/UpLoadFile/TS/ts3.pdf.

[Referenced By]

[1] Jung KM, Lucky Polym. Technol., 23, 10 (1992)

[2] Klemper D, Frisch KC, Handbook of Polymeric Foams and Foam, New York, p.253 (1991)

[3] Rodriguez-Perez MA, Alonso O, Duijsens A, De Saja IA, J. Polym. Sci. B: Polym. Phys., 36(14), 2587 (1998)

[4] Walker BM, Handbook of Thermoplastic Elastomers, Marcel Dekker Inc., New York (1982)

[5] Youn S, Poly. Technology Industry, 4, 23 (1996)

[6] Gibson LJ, Ashby MF, Cellular Solids, Permagon Press, Oxford (1998)

[7] Sims GLA, Khunniteekool W, Cell. Polym., 15, 1 (1996)

[8] Sims GLA, Khunniteekool W, Cell. Polym., 15, 14 (1996)

[9] Sims GLA, Khunniteekool W, Cellular Polymer III, RAPRA Coventry, Paper 23, April (1995)

[10] Baser SA, Khakhar DV, Polym. Eng. Sci., 34(8), 642 (1994)

[11] Ravey M, Pearce EM, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 63(1), 47 (1997)

[12] Sharpe J, MacArthur D, Liu M, Kollie T, Graves R, Handriks R, J. Cell. Plast., 31, 313 (1995)

[13] Fishback TL, Reichel CJ, J. Cell. Plast., 30, 84 (1994)

[14] Volkert O, Adv. Urethane Sci. Tech., 13, 53 (1996)

[15] Creazzo JA, Hammel HS, Cicalo KJ, Schindler P, J. Cell. Plast., 31, 154 (1995)

[16] Volkert O, J. Cell. Plast., 31, 210 (1995)

[17] Seo WJ, Jung HC, Kim YH, Kim WN, Choe KH, Lee YB, Choi SH, Polym.(Korea), 26(2), 185 (2002)

[18] Baek WS, Lee KY, Polym.(Korea), 25(4), 528 (2001)

[19] http://www.kmci.co.kr/UpLoadFile/TS/ts3.pdf.