Effect of arc current on characteristics of nanocarbons prepared by cryogenic arc discharge method

Tawatchai Charinpanitkul; Kijchai Kanjanaprapakul; Nattaporn Leelaviwat; Nayot Kurukitkoson; Kyo-Seon Kim

Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Vol.16, No.6, 912-917, November, 2010

DOI10.1016/j.jiec.2010.09.011 Export Citation

Effect of arc current on characteristics of nanocarbons prepared by cryogenic arc discharge method

Tawatchai Charinpanitkul^†, Kijchai Kanjanaprapakul, Nattaporn Leelaviwat, Nayot Kurukitkoson¹, and Kyo-Seon Kim²

Center of Excellence in Particle Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
¹Department of Electrical Engineering, Burapha University, Chonburi, 20131, Thailand
²Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Kangwon-do, 200-701, Republic of Korea

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A variety of nanocarbons (nanohorns, nanoflowers and nanoclusters) could be prepared by arc discharge in cryogenic nitrogen with either graphite.graphite or iron-graphite electrodes manipulated by a strategy of automatic electrode delivering. Based on local thermal equilibrium assumption, magnetohydrodynamic equations were taken into account for estimating the arc power efficiency of 60-84%, depending on the electrode combination. The effects of arc current on the morphology and yield of nanocarbons were investigated within a range of 75-150 A. Transmission electronmicroscopic analyses revealed that the synthesized product consisted of single-walled carbon nanohorns and multi-walled carbon nanoflowers with nominal diameters of 100-200 nm when graphite-graphite electrodes were employed but nanoclusters containing Fe nanoparticles inside carbon nanoshells with smaller size of 70-120 nm were mainly synthesized by iron-graphite electrodes subject to arc discharge in cryogenic nitrogen.

Keywords:Nanocarbon;Cryogenic;Arc discharge;Magneto-hydrodynamics

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[2] Lange H, Sioda M, Huczko A, Zhu YQ, Kroto HW, Walton DRM, Carbon., 41, 1617 (2003)

[3] Cui S, Scharff P, Siegmund C, Schneider D, Risch K, Klotzer S, Spiess L, Romanus H, Carbon., 42, 931 (2004)

[4] Sano N, Mater. Chem. Phys., 88(2-3), 235 (2004)

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