개질된 Palm Stearin을 도입한 Natural Rubber/Sepiolite 복합체의 Payne 효과 개선 연구

Nureeyah Jehsoh; Abdulhakim Masa; Indra Surya; Hanafi Ismail; Nabil Hayeemasae

Polymer(Korea), Vol.46, No.1, 6-12, January, 2022

DOI10.7317/pk.2022.46.1.6 Export Citation

개질된 Palm Stearin을 도입한 Natural Rubber/Sepiolite 복합체의 Payne 효과 개선 연구

Reducing the Payne Effect of the Natural Rubber/Sepiolite Composite by Introducing Modified Palm Stearin

Nureeyah Jehsoh¹, Abdulhakim Masa^{2, 3}, Indra Surya⁴, Hanafi Ismail⁵, and Nabil Hayeemasae^{1, 2, †}

¹Department of Rubber Technology and Polymer Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Pattani Campus, 94000, Pattani, Thailand
²Research Unit of Advanced Elastomeric Materials and Innovations for BCG Economy (AEMI), Faculty of Science and Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Pattani Campus, 94000, Pattani, Thailand
³Rubber Engineering & Technology Program, International College, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand
⁴Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, 20155, Sumatera Utara, Indonesia
⁵School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300, Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia

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Reducing Payne effect of natural rubber (NR) composite has been a major challenge in composite’s preparation. In this work, the composite based on NR and sepiolite was focused. Reduction of Payne effect was successfully performed by introducing modified palm stearin (mo-PS) as compatibilizer. Sepiolite was fixed at 20 phr whereby the mo-PS was ranged from 0-3 phr. The properties were studied through curing characteristics, tensile properties and dynamic properties. The presence of certain functionalities of mo-PS was corroborated by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis. From cure properties, scorch and curing times decreased as a function of mo-PS due to the role of mo-PS as a secondary curing additive in vulcanization process. It was also found that mo-PS improved modulus and tensile strength of composites. The improvement was due to improved NR-sepiolite interactions arising from hydrogen bonds formed in presence of mo-PS. This was clearly verified by observing the Payne effect.

Keywords:natural rubber;sepiolite;modified palm stearin;payne effect;tensile properties

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[2] Hayeemasae N, Ismail H, Azura AR, J. Elastomers Plast., 43, 429 (2011)

[3] Zhong B, Jia Z, Luo Y, Jia D, Liu F, Polym. Test, 58, 31 (2017)

[4] Velez JS, Velasquez S, Giraldo D, Polym. Test, 56, 1 (2016)

[5] Poh BT, Suid NH, J. Vinyl Addit. Technol., 22, 410 (2016)

[6] Pashaei S, Hosseinzadeh S, Syed AA, Polym. Compos., 38, 727 (2017)

[7] Santaren J, Sanz J, Ruiz-Hitzky E, Clay Clay Min., 38, 63 (1990)

[8] Bokobza L, Chauvin JP, Polymer, 46(12), 4144 (2005)

[9] Baker CSL, Gelling I, Newell R, Rubber Chem. Technol., 58, 67 (1985)

[10] Ahlrichs J, Serna C, Serratosa J, Clay Clay Min., 23, 119 (1975)

[11] Hayeemasae N, Ismail H, Polym. Compos., 40, 924 (2019)

[12] Norizzah AR, Chong CL, Cheow CS, Zaliha O, Food Chem., 86, 229 (2004)

[13] Che Man YB, Haryati T, Ghazali HM, Asbi BA, J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc., 76, 237 (1999)

[14] Surya I, Ismail H, Azura AR, Polym. Test, 32, 1313 (2013)

[15] Kolancilar H, J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc., 8, 597 (2004)

[16] Biermann U, Friedt W, Lang S, et al., Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit., 39, 2206 (2000)

[17] Maag H, J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc., 61, 259 (1984)

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[19] Payne A, Whittaker R, Rubber Chem. Technol., 44, 440 (1971)

[20] Heinrich G, Kluppel M, Vilgis TA, Curr. opin. Solid State Mat. Sci., 6, 195 (2002)

[21] Alves L, Ferraz E, Santaren J, Rasteiro MG, Gamelas JA, Minerals, 10, 779 (2020)

[22] Bhargava R, Wang SQ, Koenig JL, Adv. Polym. Sci., 163, 137 (2003)

[23] Rattanasom N, Saowapark T, Deeprasertkul C, Polym. Test, 26, 369 (2007)

[24] Coran AY, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 87(1), 24 (2003)

[25] Jehsoh N, Surya I, Sahakaro K, Ismail H, Hayeemasae N, J. Elast. Plas., 53, 210 (2020)

[26] Hayeemasae N, Sahakaro K, Ismail H, Polym. Korea, 44(5), 596 (2020)

[27] Rooj S, Das A, Thakur V, Mahaling RN, Bhowmick AK, Heinrich G, Mater. Des., 31, 2151 (2010)