Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, Vol.25, No.5, 1031-1035, September, 2008
Cobalt(III)-mediated oxidative destruction of phenol using divided electrochemical cell
E-mail:
Mediated electrochemical oxidation is one of the suitable processes for the destruction of hazardous organic compounds and the dissolution of nuclear wastes at ambient temperature and pressure. The electrochemical oxidation of Co(II) was carried out in an undivided and divided electrochemical cell. The formation of Co(III) was studied in an divided electrochemical cell by varying conditions such as temperature and concentration of nitric acid in a batch type electrochemical reactor in recirculation mode. It was found that the formation of Co(III) increased with increasing nitric acid concentration and decreased with increasing temperatures. The produced Co(III) oxidant was then used for the destruction of phenol. It was noted that phenol could be mineralized to CO2 and water by Co(III) in nitric acid under different nitric acid concentrations and temperatures. The evolved CO2 was continuously measured and used for the
calculation of destruction efficiency. The destruction was increased with increasing nitric acid concentration as well as the temperature. The maximum efficiency was observed to be 78% based on CO2 evolution for 5,000 ppm phenol solution at 60 oC in a continuous feed mode. The destruction efficiency was increased 28% by addition of silver at 25 ℃.
Keywords:Mediated Electrochemical Oxidation;Cobalt(II);Destruction Efficiency;Phenol;Organic Destruction;Carbon Dioxide
- Farmer JC, Wang FT, Hawley Fedder RA, Lewis PR, Summers IJ, Follies L, J. Electrochem. Soc., 139, 654 (1992)
- Nelson N, Platinum Met. Rev., 46, 18 (2002)
- Bringmann J, Galla U, Schmieder H, Mediated electrochemical oxidation for total degradation of HCH and other pesticides, 5th International HCH and Pesticides Forum, Leioa, Basque country, Spain (1998)
- Matheswaran M, Balaji S, Chung SJ, Moon IS, Chemosphere, 69, 325 (2007)
- GEF, On review of emerging innovative technologies for the destruction and decontamination of POPs and the identification of promising technologies for use in developing countries, Report of United Nations Environmental Programme for 2004, January 15 (2004)
- Steele DF, Richardson D, Campbell JD, Craig DR, Quinn JD, Trans. IChemE., 68, 115 (1990)
- Steele DF, Platinum Metals Rev., 34(1), 10 (190)
- Matheswaran M, Balaji S, Chung SJ, Moon IS, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 13(2), 231 (2007)
- Chung SJ, Balaji S, Matheswaran M, Ramesh T, Moon IS, Water Sci. Technol., 55, 261 (2007)
- Balaji S, Chung SJ, Thiruvenkatachari R, Moon IS, Chem. Eng. J., 126(1), 51 (2007)
- Farme JC, Wang FT, Lewis PR, Summers LJ, J. Electrochem. Soc., 139, 3025 (1992)
- Balaji S, Kokovkin VV, Chung SJ, Moon IS, Water Res., 41, 1423 (2007)
- Kokovkin VV, Chung SJ, Balaji S, Matheswaran M, Moon IS, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 24(5), 749 (2007)
- Balaji S, Chung SJ, Matheswaran M, Moon IS, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 24(6), 1009 (2007)
- Lee JW, Chung SJ, Balaji S, Kokovkin VV, Moon IS, Chemosphere, 68, 1067 (2007)
- Pyo M, Moon IS, Bull. Korean Chem. Soc., 26, 899 (2005)
- Chung YH, Park SM, J. Appl. Electrochem., 30(6), 685 (2000)
- Galla U, Kritzer P, Bringmann J, Schmieder H, Chem. Eng. Technol., 23(3), 230 (2000)
- Zhang H, Park SM, Carbohydr. Res., 266, 129 (1995)
- Balazs GB, Chiba Z, Lewis PR, Nelson N, Steward GA, US Patent 5911868 (1999)
- Farmer JC, Wang FT, Hickman RG, Lewis PR, US Patent 5516972 (1996)
- Balazs GB, Lewis PR, US Patent 5919350 (1999)
- Sequeira CAC, Santos DMF, Brito PSD, Appl. Surf. Sci., 252(17), 6093 (2006)
- Comninellis Ch, Plattner E, J. Electrochem. Soc., 129, 749 (1982)
- Comninellis Ch, Plattner E, J. Appl. Electrochem., 13, 117 (1983)
- Matheswaran M, Balaji S, Chung SJ, Moon IS, Electrochim. Acta, 53(4), 1897 (2007)
- Eysseric C, Chifflet H, Picart S, Adnet JM, ATALANTE International Conference, France, Oct 24-26 (2000)